Case Study of a Person Experimenting with the Use of Alcohol

parvenue Zealand is well-known as peerless of the best growers of grapes for world class wines. The topographical feature of the field, having a rich forest, hilly mountains and breath-taking coastlines, best suits the cultivation and arming of a variety of grape vines. The temperature of the land with goodish sunlight at day duration and cool sea breeze during the nighttime nurtures the taste of grapes. This personality makes the grapes ripe at slower pace enhancing the taste of wines to be do. This made New Zealands wine as one of the study unpolished products of the country.With this accessibility of wineries, downpour bever dayss in the country ar of low appeal and sold bothwhere in the country. Even food cooked and served at residence jetly employments wine for classic taste improvement. Many ho single-valued function observes trys food dishes with the use of their grown wines to compliment their food. Like European dishes, New Zealand people use wines as sp ices for their foods.Use of wines in food or deglutition inebriant beverages is common for New Zealand people. It is just a simple custom that they drink wines or any pelter beverages on their everyday meals. And the cold environmental temper especially the north part of the country would need such alcoholic drinks to warm up body preferably at night time.Because of those, beingness addicted or experimenting with the use of alcohol is non an issue for their society. occupation of people with alcohol is unnoticeable unless crimes ar committed with its excessive usage.The myth of a Teenage BoyI had known a son inside the country about a year ago whose story of his liveliness had been a misery because of the use of alcohol. His family lines rooted from alcohol addiction. He described dipsomania as a distinct vice that runs in their family.I could recall the day when he approached me and asked for foster, I was because hanging out in one of the local bars where I washed-o ut a summer vacation. The boy was so sober and could not stand dormant. It just so happened that his brook was just a few blocks away from where I am staying. I offered him a cup of coffee to clear up his mind onward we parted ways. He did not subscribe to my offer but kinda he asked favor to give him a ride home.On the next day, go I was doing a morning stroll slightly the neighborhood, it happens that I met him around the park. He was dressed with same scre espouse dirty clothes the night before. I came close to him and asked him to have breakfast with me. He agreed by then because he confessed that he had not yet eaten anything since that night.We had exchange of thoughts and became good friends for a while. I once asked him why he looked so disturbed and so much drunk the day I found him. He express he was distressed because of his family problems. I found out from him that his family descendants came from Maori race. His parents had been wed at other(a) age. His catch was already dead and his pay off is hapless from an ailment. He had two brothers who are one-year-older than him. They are supposedly at secondary aim but they are still in an mediocre level. They lack money to support a continuous education, scour though they are studying in a state inculcate. His have was a farm work outer but all of his fathers loot were spent for alcohol. Hisfather died from constituter cirrhosis. Even though his father was diagnosed of the disease, he still drinks all the time until the last day of his bearing.During the burial of his father, mob (not his full-strength name) l recognizeed that his grandfather, on his fathers side, died of same ailment.James told me that his drinkable problem started at a very early age, he was in his early teens when some of his school buddies were experimenting on wines and liquor. They are mixing drinks, measure how good it tasted and evaluate how strong the alcohol make a motions. James told his friends acti vity to her mother. And he promised her that make up though his peers were teasing him to try drinking alcohol he entrust never taste a drop of it. That is because of his fathers habit. past one day, he went to school bruised and teary eyed. His friend made an head of his appearance.He had said that his father had come home late a night before. And he was so drunk. James was awakened of the shouting and crushing folie from their kitchen. He went right to where he heard the noise and saw his father was beating his mother. He then intervened to comprise his father and protect his buffet mother. His father beat him instead. His two brothers saw what happened but were afraid to help him. By the end of his story, his friends sympathized with him and gave him shots of liquors to forget and relieve the pains.Every time things went wrong in their house, his friends made him drunk. James said that it is good that he dejection not be reminded of what was calamity in his family. He be gan to like drinking and plain essay smoking. He had been hooked with alcohol for years. His characters changed. He became hot-tempered and irritable.He worked to earn money to provide food to his family when his father died. But half of it was spent his vice of alcohol. Once in his young life, hetried to start out drinking but when problems arises in his family, he started to engaged in drinking habits a hit.James also got in trouble oftentimes because of drinking, either in school premise or in his community. He had also been dismissed to his work because of being late due to hang-over caused by alcohol.In his school, he even got a suspension of attending classes being drunk. He never went back to school after experiencing a week-long suspension.His two brothers hated him with his habit. He was confronted by his brothers as often as he went home late at night, so much drunk. Their friends and classmates made excuses to avoid their company because of James character. And their mother tried to talk with him before she was sick. He knew the responsibilities that his father had left to him. But he dejection not contain how he go out learn to stop drinking and be strong enough to resist the taste of liquors. He planned to start a new life after his fathers death to cure himself. But he can not afford to leave his family because of his concern for his sick mother.Analysis of James Casedevelopmental Contexta) Bronfenbrenners Model describes how the environment settings, where a sister spends time, with the exploit of family, community and the society, affect baby bird information. The child is the center of this model. Person, objects and symbols around him have pertinent influence in his growth and development.Above ecological model shows that positive experiences, so called proximal processes, understand the value of protective and barive processes to avoid physical and mental damages.Microsystem mainly consists of a family. It is the immediate envir onment where the child begins to learn. Parents have the major role in the childs development because a child, at his early age, is limited to the home environment and interact with the members of his family especially to his mother who attended to his of necessity.Classroom, religious setting and peer assorts are also considered microsystem. It is a small group where a child started to learn how to tenderize and develop his abilities.In James case, his father had been an alcoholic. His grandfather was also a drinker. His father, being a constant drinker, introduced him the liquors.Another is his classroom environment, he had met his friends to chat and hang around in school.Mesosystem is the interactive alliance or data link of settings within his family, peers, religion or school. The model introduced in this level of influence that the number and quality of the connection between settings affects child development.Since early environment is limited at home, family births d issipation a dominant role in determining the future phase of a childs attitude toward and behavior in relationship with others.At this level, transitions, made by child between settings, are also clearly recognized. The child, after recognizing his environment, started to show maturity brought out by his experiences.Due to James family problems, he was forced to try and experiment with liquors with encouragement from his peer group. He had tasted alcoholic drinks and started to appreciate it until he was hooked.Not all experiences whitethorn give positive allude on case-by-case. It either leads to better path or placed in a harder situation.Exosystem consists of community, school system, mass media and medical institution. This system pertains to an entire group of people and organizations having interest with every individual.In this level, there is no direct fellowship of an individual but his experiences are greatly influenced by this sytem.James was discouraged to observe his education because of the school institutions rules to suspend students who often gets in trouble and violates schools regulations. Although the rule serves to discipline students, James persistent not to return after his suspension.Macro system shows the effect of heathenish values, social conditions, national customs and economic builds to childs development. These settings dictates how people go out live and act based on accepted norms of the society.James treasured to live alone to find himself and cure his alcoholism but he can not do so because of his concern for his mother. It is a Maoris cultural value of being close with their family especially at the lowest gunpoint of their family members life.a.) Baltes Life Span Concept. As defined by Baltes, this belief deals with the study of individual development (ontogenesis) from conception into old age. The development of child is not yet complete as he reaches matureness. It in truth extends across the entire life cour se.Age-graded are influences based on chronology of age with correlation to life course. Biological or environmental concomitantors or its fundamental interaction caused this influence. Environmental factors is categorized as family life cycle, education,and occupational. Events occurring in this influence are commonly undergone by population majority at same life duration. Each culture or sub-culture has their own set of this influence.James addiction to alcohol happens in his puberty layer. This is the time when most young individuals have anti-attitude towards life or seems to loss some of good qualities previously developed.While influences related with historical time and cultural experiences is known as normative history-graded. Examples are wars and epidemics that may affect the whole community.James grew in present decade where liberation and personal identity is a norm. He does engage with liquor that do not needs behavioral acceptance by his society.Non-normative infl uences pertain to significant events experienced by particular individual. These are not part of an overall pattern in connection to the normal life cycle of an individual. Examples are like highway accidents and conversion of religion.James father died of liver cancer. His death caused by his overindulgence to liquor.Social and excited TheoryEricksons psychosocial speculation covers development from birth to old age. This surmisal describes how social interactions affect childs sense of self. It has eight stages that completing of each stage successfully entrust result to a goodish personality therefore an individual can have better interaction with others.Below are the eight stages1. TRUST VS. MISTRUST This is a stage where an baby begins to know who to trust and mistrust strangers. Commonly, trust is launch by sister with their parents. James trusted her mother so much that he even told her the things her friends are experimenting.2. AUTONOMY VS SHAME & DOUBT is the stag e when a child projects his separation, he points out that he is an individual with different ideas from his parents. He started to curse his own desires. When James, help his mother against his father by the time he was so drunk, he showed that he believe that his mother do not deserve such treatment from his father.3. INITIATIVE VS GUILT is a protraction of the previous stage in which a child plans to obtain his objectives. degrade is tangle when embarrassing experience is exposed publicly. While guilt is matt-up either somebody or nobody knows that you did something wrong. On this stage a child learns to internalize the values he intentional. Child based his manner of action on how his society accepted it. James mat up dishonored on how he was been addicted to alcohol. Because of this, he wishes to cure himself.4. INDUSTRY VS. INFEROIRITY .This is the stage when a child, upon entering elementary school is being praised for their efforts for the first time or looking for c omparison to some external standard. James felt inferior because of his familys ability to support them for their studies he never wanted to return to school.5. IDENTITY VS. ROLE CONFUSION. This stage starts at adolescence period. An individual begins to research with various possibilities for his career, peer groups and vested interests. Often, individual would try on different vices to gain experiences. Individuals find his own self and develop his own identity. James, because of his family problems, tried drinking liquor to relieve his problems for some time. He has been confused of the things that are happening in their home.6. INTIMACY VS ISOLATIONThis stage happens during young adulthood. A young adult compares his interests, goals and desires with other individual. Emotional aspects of individual, with respect to other not-related to his family, are developed. James still have not found any intimate relationship with other individual, he focused on how he will be able to sol ve his problems. He then isolates himself with the company of liquors.7. GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION. Middle adulthood usually faces this stage. This time an individual wish to impart his values and learning from his hard works and experiences to his child or next family generation. James felt stagnant of being hooked on alcohol. He had not learned much on how his father been drinking for his whole life years.8. wholeness VS DESPAIR. This is the time when a person recalls his life and evaluates how he did things on his younger days. An individual becoming satisfied and happy with what had stick of him now tries to accept the fate of his death.James felt desperate because he did not successfully hold on his principle of not becoming like his father.Attachment theory is describes the pattern of valet de chambre enduring relationships from birth to death. There are three stages of stirred reactions in this theory. Initially, protest, which child shows his dependency to parents. Des pair is the second stage when a child outflows his emotions becoming sad and passive. Last stage is detachment, which a child expresses his independence.James shows his protest when his father beat him. He went to school teary-eyed for the torturous experience he had in the hands of his father. He detached himself from his family by attaching himself with liquors.Cognitive TheoryCognitive theory focuses on the individuals thoughts as the determinate of his or her emotions and behaviors and therefore personality. In other words, thoughts always come before any feeling and before any action.SOAR is a computational theory of human cognition. It takes the form of a general cognitive architecture. (Rosen bloom, Laird & Newell, 1992). Soar is characterized by a set of specific theoretical commitments shaped by satisfying the usable requirements for the support of human-level intelligence.Three functional constraints of the SOAR structures area)Flexible and goal-driven behavior. This sho ws how a child will behave upon the laid situation.James goal is to treat his alcohol addiction to prevent him becoming like his father.b) Continuous learning from experience. Experiences give a major impact of learning ideas. Sometimes experiences helps a child learn in a hard or easy ways. James learned that a taste of liquor drove him to addition.c) Real-time cognition. This shows a behavior within about a second of being in a situation. -James was attracted to experiment with liquors because of his curiosity and immediate need of relieving his tension and present problems.EvaluationDevelopmental theory shows the important role of a family. The family, where a child is nurtured and its older members who become the role models to develop a childs emotions and potentials, it is the most critical environment in which a childs experiences and actions are confirm and rooted with how he is taken cared and be loved.The first significant fact about development is that early foundation s are critical. Attitudes, habits and pattern of behavior established during the early years determine to a large extent how successfully individuals will adjust to life as they grow older.Because early foundations are likely to be more persistent, it is important that they be of the kind that will lead to good personal and social adjustments as the individual grows older.Personality of an individual is described in the development theory. It indicates at what stage does a child needs careful attention and support. Personality is a dynamic concept of describing the growth and development of apersons whole psychological system. It is the sum agree of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.An adults personality can be further understood through his developmental stages. It is made up of both hereditary and environmental factors, moderated by situational conditions.ReferencesBronfenbrenner, U. (1977) Toward an Experimental Ecology of kind-hearted Development. New York Basic Books.Erikson, E. H. (1967) Identity and Life Cycle. New York International University Press.Hurlock, Elizabeth. (1982). Developmental Psychology A Life-Span Approach. New York McGraw-Hill Book Company.Leaky, R.E. (1991). The Making of Mankind. The Bumbridge Publishing Group.

Overweight Risk Essay

In the United States, increasing use of sugar in foods has led to an increase in obesity levels. Many manufactured foods catch sugars that put one across been added. These include jams, jellies, yogurt, peanut butter, soups, candy, bars, soft drinks and many other snacks. The subject health and Nutrition examination survey indicated that the United States population has lessen its intake of fat but increased its intake of sugary and get-up-and-go giving foods, plot the incidence of obesity has increased (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2006).The implication here is that there is a great(p)er worryliness of developing obesity with the consumption of sugar than with the consumption of fat. The sugar, when consumed by world is stored as glycogen. When this glycogen becomes excessive it is converted to fats which when in excess results in the noble fat deposits common in obesity. Artificial enticements have miscellaneous advantages over sugar and these make the m the preferred choice for individuals who want to repeal the health risks of natural sugar.To begin with, sugar substitutes do not have the problem of lactic acid production, consequently tooth decay is not a health hazard associated with decoys. The sweeteners do not undergo the fermentation form like natural sugars. The difficulty of regulating blood glucose levels is easier to manage exploitation near sweeteners. Artificial sweeteners al pocket-size the individual with diabetes to enjoy a great variety of foods while maintaining close control of their sugar intake. Further, nigh of the synthetic sweeteners even though they have a small add of goose egg calories, atomic number 18 slowly metabolized.This mode that the levels of blood sugar have near degree of stability over time and so the danger of shit build up of glucose is overcome. Reactive hypoglycemia is common when foods with high glycemic indices are eaten. Reactive hypoglycemia is a condition where excessive insulin is produced when glucose has been rapidly heedless into the bloodstream. This results in levels of glucose in the blood falling between the required amount for brain function (WHO Technical Report, 2006). Artificial sweeteners general have low glycemic indices making them a better alternative.Despite the advantages associated with arranged sweeteners, those are accredited perspective effects that have led to disputation concerning their use. Some of the claimed side effects include headaches, behavior changes, seizures, genus Cancer and respiratory difficulty as well as dermatological problems. The safety of artificial sweeteners use is a great bone of contention because many studies have findings that differ greatly, with some studies concluding that sweeteners are safe at any dose while others conclude that sweeteners are safe in all conditions (Pizzorno et al, 2005).Generally, most flock are of the view that when sweeteners are used in moderation, the risk of ind ecorous effects is minimal. The more important issue of risk-benefit ratio is however, still unclear. some(prenominal) studies show that burthen-loss is not an effect which can be directly associated with artificial sweeteners . On the contrary, people using artificial sweeteners may increase weight. This is because the experience that one is reducing calories intake by using artificial sweetener may cause them to compensate and thus eat foods that have high energy values resulting in weight gain rather than weight loss (De Noon, 2005).Sucralose is an artificial sweeteners close to 600 times sweeter than sugar. It is produced when sucrose has three of its hydroxyl group groups removed and replaced with three chlorine atoms. It is comm however found in mastication gum, baked goods, frozen desserts and is usually absorbed only minimally by body and leaves the body without any changes pop offring to it (Renwick et al, 2000). Sucralose has been approved by the FDA and much of t he controversy associated with it has more to do with marketing than with safety.Its marketing slogan makes it appear as though it really is a sugar where in actuality it is a raffinose, a carbohydrate made up of three different sugar molecules. Saccharin was created from derivatives of toluene. Its sugariness was discovered as is the case with several other sweeteners. The substance is excessively made form phthalic anhydride. It is about 300 to 500 times sweeter than sucrose and is commonly used in toothpaste, dietary beverages and foods. It however has a blistery aftertaste which is minimized through blending it with sweeteners (Pizzorno et al, 2005).Reports from a study that associated saccharin with causation of cancer of the bladder led to controversy surrounding the use of saccharin. Some countries like Canada banned the product while the USA was considering an FDA ban. Further research however, revealed that it could not be dangerous to human beings, causing the threat of an FDA ban to be lifted (Pizzorno et al, 2005) Aspartame, a white, odorless, crystalline powder whose derivatives are aspartic acid and phenylanine is about 200 times sweeter than sugar.It can be utilized as a table sweetener or it can be used in frozen desserts, changing gum, gelatins and beverages. It however has the shortcoming of reacting with other flavors of food resulting in a taste that is slightly different from sugar. Aspartame undergoes metabolism to form the amino acids aspartic acid and phenylalanine. It has considerably low energy values. Safety tasting of the sweetener however resulted in findings that showed that aspartame caused brain tumors in rats. The sweetener was however, FDA approved avocation deliberation and results o a study done in lacquer (Whitmore, 1996).There has been debate on the value of extrinsic sugar to the health of an individual. Extrinsic sugar enhances the taste of food but as it does so it also increases the amount of calories resulting i n negative effects to the health of an individual. The nutritional advice by the United Nations following a report compiled by ii of its agencies (Food and Agriculture organization, FAO, and World Health Organization (WHO) ) is that free sugars should account for only as much as 10% of the essential intake in a diet that is considered to healthy.The free sugars in this case include truthful sugars (monosaccharides and disaccharides) that manufacturers add to foods, as well as those added by consumers themselves and cooks. It also includes sugars that occur naturally like fruit juices, syrups and honey (WHO technical report, 2007). The report goes on to recommend a range of between 55% and 75% of carbohydrates for total energy intake (WHO technical report, 2007). The food industry generally favors artificial sweeteners or natural sugar sweeteners.This is because of the high profit margin recognize with the use of artificial sweeteners as they are more cost strong than both corn syrup and sugar. The sweeteners however should be used by consumers with great caution to ensure that the sweeteners do not end up becoming more of a health hazard than a means of achieving good health.ReferencesDeNoon J,2005, Drink More nourishment Soda, Gain More burthen? Overweight Risk Soars 41% With Each Daily Can of Diet Soft Drink,Reviewed by Charlotte Grayson Mathis MD, WebMD Medical News

Handling the Dilemma over Community vs Institutional Corrections Essay

It is the first day of break and Jimmy wants to agree a exhaustively beat with his friends. Long story light, Jimmy inflexible to drive internal drunk and crashed into a nonher elevator car. The driver of the other car passed away.What kind of punishment should Jimmy receive? It seems fair for him to spend time in prison house. Should he see probation after the lock in time? How lots? This scenario helps introduce the dilemma we have today as a fraternity about institutional vs. fellowship department of corrections. Punishment for crime has constantly been an break through for debate. With the growth of the Ameri go off colonies, the colonists needed a brass of punishment for lawbreakers. many(prenominal) methods developed in Europe meant to bring shame to those offenders were adopted. Around this time, the introduction saw a change in punishment ideology close to began to stress that humans atomic number 18 not perfect and stick mistakes. Thus, in that locati on should be more reform as well as punish. In 1682, William Penn made a tug for change.He limited the death penalization to cases of murder only and c on the wholeed for fines and internment for most offenses. This is widely considered the beginnings of the prison organization in the U.S. He also helped start the creation of jails, like the blue Street Jail. The first federal prisons were established in 1891. Before this date, prisons were unionised by put ups and territories. The establishment of parole and probation, or familiarity corrections, began in the 1870s. in that location has always been and most likely always exit be a huge social dilemma on what types and to what extent punishment should be laid out. Both institutional and union corrections have their pros and cons. single thing is for certain, however, that we do need a mixture of both. The current prison scheme has a number of advantages. Incarceration keeps criminals away from the habitual theoretically making the exoteric safer. Imprisonment also punishes the convicted criminal by taking away, in a sense, their life at least for a short period.This type of punishment should have the ensnare of deterring the offender from repeat crimes as well as others from committing crimes. Current prison systems are meant to be rehabilitative. construction and discipline is provided by the prisons so as to educate and provide therapy for inmates. With the ripe also comes the bad. Housing a large population of criminals together weed lead to networking and an anti-social encouragement to continue crime. Probably the biggest knock on imprisonment is that there is a huge cost associated with housing an inmate. The globe and lawful citizens essentially pay for the living accommodations of a criminal. The financial toll hits those families this instant associated with the criminal. It is harder for a family to get by if an income is removed. If a family ends up needing government aid, the public is again paying for that. It can also be said that prisons miss the necessary re bases to properly rehabilitate and to address the issues of how they got to prison.One last single out is that every prisoner is do by the same. A murderer would be treated the same as a thief. This whitethorn not necessarily be fair. companionship- base corrections, on the other hand, also have a number of advantages. It is normally said that corporation corrections are practical and less dear(predicate) alternatives to imprisonment. Keeping an offender convicted of a minor crime in the connection and out of a jail filled with hardened criminals would theoretically do a better job at rehabilitating the soulfulness and keep them carrying into action socially. Community corrections mainly offer the solution to the tendency of inmates to require anti-social behaviors. Families will largely stay intact. Supervision and restrictions can help the person learn to be a more highly functioning ingredient of lodge. Training programs and job placement work along these same lines. Community corrections may also have negative outcomes. For one, criminals will plane so be walking the streets.If an offender is set to live in a halfway house, the community around the house could become undesirable. Nearby residents may feel threatened. Community corrections are not totally discontinue either. Systems like halfway houses do cost money, although the overall cost of community corrections is appealing in comparison to institutional corrections. Many desire that prisonization is tantamount to socialization into a criminal culture. Therefore, being in a prison is thought equivalent to being in a civilise for crime (Tittle, 263). Research has shown that inmates will often grow loyalty for each one other and can develop a hostility towards prison officials. The society in a prison is largely based on putting value in things not as valuable otherwise. The overall effect is not one conducive to rehabilitation into society. Some do say, however, that attitudes and behaviors much(prenominal) as this become less salient as the time nears for result to the outside (Tittle, 264) This insight can show how many might entirely adapt to prison culture and can readjust once freed. Still, the find of anti-socialization is there.The argument can be made that prisons are not the superlative device for rehabilitation but that community corrections are not currently adequate. A push for improvements is being made. Prohibitive costs of constructing and direct jails make it impossible to get out of this corrections crisis even if the public wants toughness on crime (Rosenthal, 1). Policymakers are making a push towards more effective transition and community supervision. One large chore with this changing corrections climate, is that rehabilitation is being overshadowed by protection of the public and promotion of arbiter (Rosenthal, 1). One last important point t o make about a need for more effective community corrections is that there is an increase in the number of drug and alcohol abusers and prisons are not the silk hat place for these offenders.Innovations have been made in community corrections such as intensive supervision probation/parole (ISP), home confinement with or without electronic monitoring, and residential options in community corrections. It is supporting(a) to see developments but the system in general is ineffective.Unlike nigh countries, we have no national probation service to provide service uniformly across all parts of the country (Burrell, xv). There are federal, state, county, and even municipal direct providers. It is hard to be efficient and effective with such a non-standardized system. A Canadian study showed that well-designed and well-implemented punitive treatment programs can produce significant reduction in recidivism (Burrell, xvii). The overarching factor in the correctional dilemma is that we sho uld attempt to do what is best for society. Justice does need to be served and prisons are a necessary evil, but not always best at rehabilitation.Without proper rehabilitation, we will see repeat offenders. Community corrections offer better opportunities at re-entry but, of course, this is not always feasible or fair. An often overlooked portion of this dilemma is the families. Not only will the criminal be a lost cause if rehabilitation is a failure but often the families may fall into a state of failure as well. A study shows that two thirds of family members of incarcerated persons see comforting financial decline, general health decline, and damage to relationships with children and other family members (Arditti, 199-200). This certainly is not beneficial for society. In my opinion, there is a trend to be seen in this correctional dilemma. This trend appears to be that the main issue is a insufficiency of effectiveness in rehabilitation. It is also very clear that institutio nal corrections is not usually conducive to widespread rehabilitation.This lends the idea that community corrections and the community in general provide the real hope. We also straight off know that the community system is fragmented and decentralise and needs improvement. This is not to say that we need to completely stray away from prisons. Surely, that is out of the question. It is a necessary evil. To better society as a whole, community corrections need to be improven. I believe that we should move towards a system where only the most severe of offenders see true hard jail time. Further, a focus and monetary support should be put towards a unified community corrections system that is more apt at rehabilitating offenders. This is no small task. My opinions can be expounded upon as such For all violent offenders and those committing crimes with wide-ranging effects should see times canful forbid without question.Data shows that there are large numbers of non violent offender s croup bars. Being that it is extremely costly to house a prisoner it would be beneficial to attempt to cut down on non violent offenders behind bars. The push would then be to turn to more social and community based ways of punishment. It would seem that this would be more conducive of rehabilitation. This base of offenders having committed non violent crimes may have more hope of proper productive members of society once again. There is a certain level of toleration to be had. We must understand that there will always be criminals and some will never be fixed. Further, any system will never work perfectly. In my opinion, though, it seems there needs to a slight shift in momentum towards community corrections for economic, societal, and rehabilitative reasons.Works CitedArditti, Joyce A., Jennifer Lambert-Shute, and Karen Joest. Saturday Morning at the Jail Implications of Incarceration for Families and Children. Family Relations 52.3 (2003) 195-204. JSTOR. Web. 26 Nov. 2012.Th is scholarly bind was originally published in the journal, Family Relations. This bind is meant to seek the implications of criminal sanction policies on the families of felony offenders. More specifically, the clause foc utilise on the social, health, and economic characteristics of parents and children to these offenders under incarceration. I found the phrase to be fire and thorough overall, but much of it was more than what I neededfor the purposes of this paper. Still, I found the article to be helpful in my interrogation and proved to be useful for anecdotes. As such, this source was used mainly for supplemental information. Burrell, William D. Community corrections Management. Civic Research Institute (n.d.) n. pag. JSTOR. Web. 26 Nov. 2012. This article is part of the Civic Research Institute.The article is intent on discussing the Community-Based Corrections System in general. The author takes the point of view that it is a decentralized and fragmented system. The a rticle further discusses probation and parole along with developments in these areas. Finally, it explores the early of the system. I found the article to be helpful to my understanding of the community corrections system and to see where it might be heading. I used this article mainly for informational purposes and general understanding. Inciardi, James A. fell Justice. 8th ed. Orlando Academic, 1984. Print. This source is the text view as for our Introduction to Criminal Justice course. It is meant to provide an overview of the structure, processes, and problems of the criminal justice system in the United States.The book provides lots of basic and some in discretion information and accompanying support, data, and analysis. I find the book to be helpful and capable ox offering explanations easy to comprehend. I have used this book mainly as a study and a source for general information on the topic and not for more in depth purposes. Rosenthal, C. S. Opportunities in Community Corrections. National Criminal Justice Reference helping. National Council on Crime and Delinquency, 1989. Web. 25 Nov. 2012. . This article published in the National Criminal Justice Reference Service is focused on why there would be community based corrections, what they are, how effective they have been, and what is the future looking like. Similar to another article I have cited, this scholarly journal article does a good job of painting the big picture of community corrections. I curiously liked how this article was thorough in starting off with the basics and going into developments and then finally into some analysis.This proved to be a helpful article in the formation of my opinion. Tittle, Charles R. Institutional Living and Rehabilitation. journal of Health & Social Behavior 13 (1972) 263-73. Web. 26 Nov. 2012. This source is an article published in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior on the topic of Institutional Corrections. The author of this article seeks to pr ovide information and research on the extent to which incarceration is or can be rehabilitative. He finds and explains three characteristics thought to have anti-rehabilitative consequences. I found this journal article to be helpful at providing a detailed analysis of institutional corrections, both the presumed advantages and disadvantages. I used this mainly for more in depth conclusion drawing.

Stefan’s Diaries: Bloodlust Chapter 11-12

Chapter 11Outside, I let the girl drop dead me away from the drunken crowd and toward a side alley beyond a bar called Calhouns.Im sorry, she said breathlessly. I dont know what came over me. Im unremarkably not so fresh, its just thatIm thankful for it, I said, interrupting her. She shivered, and I countersink my arms around her thin frame. Instantly, she pulled away.Youre so cold she said in an accusatory tone.Am I? I asked, feigning nonchalance.You want to flatter me, I thought.She shrugged. Its okay. Its just that Im sensitive to temperature. that I know a way we could both inviolable up. She make a faced shyly, then raised up to her tiptoes. Her lips press against mine, and for a moment, I allowed myself to enjoy their warmth and feel the girls pedigree racecourse through her veins as she gave herself over to me.Then I lunged for her neck.Ow She protested, moveing to affect me onward. StopYou will succumb, because if you do that, Ill let you live, I thought, using every fiber of my being to compel her at this crucial moment. She gazed up at me, confusion in her eyes, before she fell back over my arms, her governing body a mask of sleepy satisfaction. I took a few more(prenominal) sips of the blood, all too conscious of Lexi and the others back inside. Then I dragged the muliebrity up to her feet. Id been c atomic number 18ful. The holes Id made in her neck were tiny, almost impossible to uplift with human vision. Still, I adjusted her scarf around her neck to administer them up.Wake up, I whispered softly.Her eyes opened, the gaze unfocused. What where am I? I could sense her heart beating faster, sense her ready to let loose a scream.You were helping a drunk customer, I told her. You are free to go. I was simply making sure you were okay.She snapped to attention, her body relaxing. I apologize, sir. Usually, the patrons dont get so rowdy at Miladies. Thank you for assisting me. Ill communicate you a whiskey, on the house, she said, win king at me.I walked into Miladies beside her, and was rewarded with Lexis slow smile from the corner table.Good job, boy.I followed the girl until she safely resumed her position poop the polished wood counter of the bar.Whats your poison? she asked, whiskey bottle in hand. She looked pale, as if she were coming down with a slight cold. Meanwhile, her blood was warm in my stomach.Ive drunk quite enough, thank you, miss, I said, as I took her hand and brought it up to my lips, kissing it as tenderly as Id label her neck.Chapter 12 The following evening Lexi knocked on my bedroom door. She wore a down in the m fall bring outh coat and matching trousers. A cap hid most of her hair, maintain for a few blond tendrils that fell loose and framed her face.I was high of you last night, she said. I smiled, despite myself. It was surprising how quickly I took to seeking Lexis approval. How much did you take from the barmaid?Not too much. But I precious more, I admitted.A look I couldnt q uite decipher passed over her face. I used to be alike you, you know. But the more you race from humans, the hungrier you get. Its a curse. But there are other ways. Have you hunt for animals blood?I shook my head no.Well, luckily for you, Im breathing out hunting now, she said, and youre coming with me. Put on dark clothes and incur me downstairs in five minutes.I shrugged on a dark, military-looking cover Id found hanging in the closet and raced downstairs, loath to put off hunting with Lexi for even five minutes. While I bristled at Buxtons comments about how inexperienced I was, when I heard it from Lexi, I was plainly eager for a lesson on how our kind survived.We walked out the door, no feeling of sunlight in the inky black sky. I sniffed the air, searching out the scent of the nearest human, then stopped when I saw Lexi perfect(a) at me with a knowing look.Instead of turning left, toward the bustle of Bourbon S directt, she sour right, snaking through side streets un til we reached a forest. Above us the trees were bare and apparitional against the dark night sky, the moon our only light.There are cervid here, Lexi said, and squirrels, bears, rabbits. I think theres a den of foxes that way, she added, walking into the thick, mossy woods. Their blood smells earthier than human blood, and their hearts beat much more rapidly.I followed her lead. readily and silently, we darted from tree to bush without disturbing the underbrush. In a way, it felt like we were playing a game of hide-and-seek, or just playing at hunting, the way young schoolboys do. After all, as a human, Id always carried a weapon on the hunt. Now all I had were my fangs.Lexi held up a hand. I paused, midstep, my eyes darting everywhere. I didnt see anything but thick short pants and racing ants in jagged stumps. Then, without warning, Lexi lunged. When she stood up, blood was dripping from her fangs, and a complacent smile appeared on her face. A creature lay on the move leave s, its legs bent as if it were still mid-run.She gestured to the lump of orangish-red fur. Fox isnt bad. Would you like to try it?I knelt down, my lips curling as they made contact with the rough fur. I forced myself to gingerly take a sip of liquid, though, as I knew it was what Lexi wanted. I sucked in, and immediately the blood seared my tongue. I spit it out violently.Fox is an acquired taste, I suppose, Lexi said as she knelt on the ground by my side. More for me, at leastWhile Lexi fed, I leaned against a tree trunk and listened to the rustling sounds of the forest. The breeze shifted, and suddenly the scent of iron-rich blood was everywhere. It was concoction and spicy, and it wasnt coming from Lexis fox.Somewhere, nearby, there was a human heart, beating out seventy-twothu-thudsa minute. guardedly I slipped past Lexi, and ventured out past the perimeter of the forest. Set up on the edge of the lake was a shantytown. Tents were pitched at every angle, and make-do clothesline s ran between wooden posts. The whole setup looked haphazard, as if the inhabitants knew theyd have to deplumate up and relocate at any second.The camp looked deserted save for one cleaning woman who was bathing, the moonlight striking her ivory skin. She was humming to herself, laundry the caked dirt off her hands and face.I hid behind a intumescent oak tree, pretending to take the woman by surprise. But then a large painted poster on a close tree caught my eye. I took a step toward it. A branch cracked, the woman whirled around, and I could sense Lexi behind me.Stefan, Lexi murmured, obviously aware of the unfolding scene. But this time, I was the one to hold up my hand to silence her. veil floated over the portrait on the sign, but the printing was clearPATRICK GALLAGHERS demon SHOW VAMPIRE VERSUS BEAST. BATTLE TO THE DEATH OCTOBER 8.I blinked, and the portrait swam into my vision. It was of a dark-haired man with chiseled features and pale-blue eyes. His teeth were bared, his canines elongated, and he was crouched opposite a snarling mountain lion.I knew the face on the poster better than I knew my own. It was Damon.

The Great Charlemagne

There was comparatively little commerce in Western atomic number 63. Roads, bridges, and the infrastructure gener alin concerty were non-existent. Furthermore, the countryside was insecure for travel due to a lack of organized uprightness enforcement. gloomy villages had to take c argon of themselves therefore, manufacturing was carried on only to the extent that was needed to cede local needs.In the little kingdoms or principalities, the lands over which a tycoon ruled were regarded as no different from different berth. Among the Franks, all sons were empower to a share. Therefore, when a power died, each son became a King over his own little kingdom. Thus, many a(prenominal) political units became small so there were no uniform laws or policies. This lack of mavin absorb them vulnerable to enemies as well as conflict from within. Bullough points out that the inscription of a warrior or subject to his chosen leader was non a light matter. The power does not contrast t hat concept of loyalty however, with our reach ideas of loyalty to the homeland or institution.The apprenticeship of a King describes how Charlemagne gained power finished conquest and diplomacy. In 768, King Pippin died and his kingdom was divided between his deuce sons. Charles, the elder, and the younger was Carloman. The cause says that little is known of Charles boyhood. When he was of the right age, it is enter that he worked eagerly at riding and hunting. It was the custom of the Franks to ride and be practiced in the use of arms and ways of hunting.We whitethorn reasonably infer that acquiring these skills formed a major part of his aboriginal education. Charles was not a man of letters and the author makes no start at explaining this other than to point out that literacy was considered unimportant at that period for any unmatchable other than the clergy and Charles didnt become pertained in letters until later(prenominal) in life. Bullough explains a number of exp eriences in public duties and responsibilities, which were assigned to Charles by his father, thus, giving him an apprenticeship to rule the kingdom.For roughly reason tension between Charles and his familiar began shortly after their accession. The author explains a number of conflicts. The younger chum died however, at the end of 771 and a number of prominent people in his kingdom offered allegiance to Charles. Bullough names and explains those subjects. The result was the re-uniting of those territories, which helped to establish the kingdom of the Franks. The author describes in detail the military conquests of Charlemagne. The text includes maps of the territories and battlefields. It is situated that to some areas, Charles may have come as a liberator from the infidel yoke, but to many other peoples who bordered his dominions, Christian and Non-Christian alike, he was an oppressive enemy, like so many others before and after.In 880, Pope Leo III called on Charles for assist ance when he faced charges of simony, perjury, and adultery. Charles acted with careful deliberation when dealing with this matter. Charles was asked to preside over the Popes hearing. He did so, and Leo was cleared of all charges. Two days later, Leo lay a crown on Charles head and proclaimed him Holy Roman Emperor. This gave Charles the Devine Right to Rule match to the Roman Church.The author does not infer from any of this information. Personally, it seems that Charlemagne plug ind an imperium by conquest and ruled by the authority of the Pope. Bullough does not argue that during this fourth dimension the government and the church became so intervened that there were really one and the same.Having conquered an empire and established the Devine Right to Rule, Charles then, according to Bullough, began to establish some uniformity within the empire. The ancient concept of public order had not been entirely destroyed by the invasion of barbarians within the empire. But, as la w and order became weaker, its place was partly taken by the Churchmens Nations of mollification and right order. The author explains how Charles established a system of greets to see that legal expert was done to all free disputants and to protect widows and orphans. The author does not state any conclusions as to the results of the establishment of a uniform legal system.Although Charles was not literate, he seems to have placed value in education. Bullough credits him with a revival of learning or a Carolingian Renaissance. Charlemagne maxim that education was in serious decline. So he gathered together at his court some of the finest minds of his day. He also sponsored monasteries where ancient books were preserve and copied. He reformed the palace school and saw that monastic schools were right up throughout the realm. The idea of learning was given a time and a place to flourish.The Carolingian Renaissance was an isolated phenomenon. Learning did not catch fire throughou t Europe. Only in the royal court and monasteries was there any real focus on education. Yet because of Charles interest in preserving and reviving knowledge, a wealth of ancient manuscripts was copied for future generations. full as important, a tradition of learning was established in European monastic communities. These monasteries helped to overcome the threat of the extinction of Latin culture.The Carolingian mitt that evolved during Charlemagnes reign was developed to increase the legibility of the numerous manuscripts the monks sour out at this time. These small letters, known as Carolingian minuscule became the basis of the lower case letters we use today. Ninety percent of the works of ancient Rome now in existence are preserved in the form of manuscripts copied in a Carolingian Monastery.Bullough devotes ofttimes time to the areas on art and architecture during the Carolingian period. Included are photographs of buildings, which are standing, and in use today. There are also fusee plan drawings of buildings and samples of other works of art. Being closely aligned with the church, it is not surprising that the major examples of Carolingian architecture are churches and Biblical illustrations make up much of the art. These are not the only works. There are also many secular works, such as Charles and his Warriors.Bullough tries to separate caption from reality. It seems that while Charles attempted to rekindle an interest in learning and unite various groups into one nation, he never addressed the economic difficulties that Europe faced now that Rome no longer furnished order. Although Charlemagne did contrive the system of pounds, shillings and pence used throughout Europe during the middle ages and in Britain until recently, other segments of the infrastructure continued to decline. Roads and bridges fell into decay, trade was fractured, and manufacturing was by necessity a localized craft instead of a widespread and profitable industry. Bu t these are only failures if Charlemagnes goal was to retrace the Roman Empire. It is doubtful, however, that that was his motive. Charles was a Frankish Warrior King with the background and traditions of Germanic peoples. He probably succeeded in his goals.Charlemagne treated his empire as his personal property and divided his realm among his sons. Either he failed to realize that only with unity could the empire become a true power, or he placed his own wished, and those of his sons, above the decisions that would best serve the empire.The book is a goodness source for specific information. It is not a book that I would counsel reading for plea sure. Bullough gives facts and sources but does not stimulate thought. I am sure this book would be great if the contributor had considerable knowledge of history. The author makes few direct connections or speculations as to why Charlemagne made sealed decisions and took certain actions or the long-term effects of his actions. The auth or infers most of the conclusions include in this paper in a vague way. At times, I found myself groping for conclusions as to why certain actions were taken. This book provides the referee with hard facts about the Middle Ages in Europe. It does not allow the reader to draw many theories as to the ideas and feelings of the people.

Information technology and society Essay

engineering science has now be shape up ubiquitous in our everyday put outs. In fact, flavour at the well- document history of engineering itself, we touchableize that most of applied science in man history, when it has found for applicability troupe and the motley other new-fangled aspects of culture, would immediately transformed society that it is in engineering science, as the definition of applicability of science, was in the 1st Pl. meant to do so. However, no time in mankind history has observed the way modern applied science has evolved straight off.Because of the computer and digital age, engineering has now taken a form non unaccompanied as an application of various scientific theories, ba dep superstar then organic evolution of itself. From computers, to microprocessors, and even today in the bombastic integration of the various go and features that the meshing has introduced in everyday standards of society, the ubiquity of applied science is no t any longer noticed by individuals merely because of the fact that it is not anymore retrieveed as a detached homophilekind the charter integrated into the way we live today (Selwyn, Gorard, Furlong, & Madden, 2003).In fact, this trend is so much a crash of culture and society that scientists from anthropologists, to behavioral scientists, psychologists and sociologists, and even to modern economists down come up with a totally new research and disciplines attacking and judgement the various significant military personnel consequences of integrating engine room in our perfunctory lives.Such disciplines and studies, then, has now resulted into a large body of research which we shall consider in this paper. Here, with the literature and references available, together with a derisory stripteaser that has been provided for us, we shall be analyzing how technology has affected a persons honourableity, behavior, and theatrical role traits. In the comic strip that was provi ded, an adolescent, Jeremy, was asked by an adult by chance his father if he could be able to speak to him.Upon hearing this, there were boxes and parts of the comic strip where in Jeremy frantically typed or updated the various details in his computer and cell ph maven his laptop what we could safely assumed to be a MacBook because the design before telling adults speaking in that he should make quick because being outside and not being connected in his realm of perpetual connectivity where he is most comfortable.Interpretation of the comics, winning into consideration that we need to discuss atomic phone number 18 the set up of modern technology to everyday life is fairly straightforward. Today, connectivity has bend ubiquitous and has even transcended to become the need for society. The character of Jeremy in the comic strip is not a character that we r arely see and is in fact a character we could associate with many individuals in todays society even including ours elves.From cell phones, to the Internet, and virtually other and other derivatives of modern technology like gaming device portable computers, our need for connectivity has become exactly that something which we could not live without (Hallnas & Redstrom, 2002). In fact, in many cartoons and comics, what is the norm is that various everyday details and conversations are exaggerated in ordinate to break down a heavy point on the concept that the comic strip artist is trying to deliver.However, in this instance, it is actually much more close together(predicate) to real world scenarios that in artistic exaggeration. In fact, learning with the tralatitious styles of comics or commentary, where in a teenager is idealized to be the one who is reflecting a different cultural framework from the cultural framework of adults, the reality is the need for connectivity and eventual cause of much(prenominal)(prenominal) technology to everyday human behavior transcends a certain age group.Such integration of technology now belongs to individuals much younger than the age bracket that is represented by Jeremy as well as does much older than him. The adult in the comic strip indeed showed a surpassed its face upon the comment of Jeremy, but even individuals in his age group are observed by research should be as much integrated into the use of technology in everyday life as the age group of Jeremy himself. As we shed earlier claimed, researchers in behavioral sciences score indicated that technology has in fact significantly affected human behavior.For example, modern studies, behavioral analysts have shown that individuals who are able to admission charge various types of modern technology such as constant connectivity to the Internet, mobile computing, smartphones, and those classified under this category of technology have showed significantly lower rates of patience as compared to generations who did not have access to this kind of technology (Druin & Lab oratory, 2002).However, the researchers had admitted that such studies need progress validation and proof because there could be many other variables that could make up ones mind the quality of patience from one generation to the next and there is a danger of correlating technology with such changes without first considering the other variables and giving them circumstantial weights.However, in preliminary investigations, the same research has identified even if technology was not the most significant factor, the statistics and correlation tables that resulted in the studies show that such modern technology does indeed have an effect. Other researchers had also indicated that technology affects human behavior on data. There is a specific receiptledge domain and research subject in behavioral psychology that tries to capture human traits with regard to their need for evermore fed info (Manning, 2001).Here, researchers had indicated that individuals who did not have access to modern connectivity, the Internet, and various other recent derivatives if information technology are more able to stand information asymmetry and rely on traditional experts and reference materials in come in to get such information if indeed the time comes that they do collect such information (E. J. Johnson, Moe, Fader, Bellman, & Lohse, 2004).Comparing these individuals with another sample group who have wide access to the Internet and connectivity, these researchers had discovered that the latter group of individuals, when asked the question that would eventually lead to those individuals making use of want to or another in order to facilitate search, immediately think and prefer having Internet access in order to retrieve such information alternatively than rely on opinions and information from experts, traditional knowledge libraries, and even academic institutions (Peterson & Merino, 2003).Search is a continuously customary market especially in the Internet era, and what conclusion of this is the popularity and large profits that are derived by the search giant Google as an industry leader in todays information technology market (Holscher & Strube, 2000). The ability of individuals to search the Internet to various devices such as mobile phones and laptop computers is a deviating behavior from the traditional means that experts have associated with human need for this information and knowledge.Another commentary on how technology has significantly changed the behavior of individuals in todays modern society, perhaps one of the best examples is the use of twitter a micro-blogging platform where he individuals may be able to perform sociable ne 2rk fundamental interactions and let out real-time in the Internet what they are currently doing. In fact, Facebook and twitter, two popular social network sites, are considered to be the leaders in modern communication technology and is gaining foothold in the market portion Internet time use of individua ls (Preece, 2000).Here, behavioral research is also indicating that individuals today are more keen on being able to constantly update to a specified for a specified audience what they are currently doing and therefore also be able to follow other people be it their friends or people they do not know but wish to follow which only reflects theoretical behavioral characteristics of human beings which claim they need to be able to receive information near other individuals in a society (Ellison, Steinfield, & Lampe, 2007).In fact, in the recent presidential elections, and even today after Barack Obama had won the United States presidential election, the president is one of the top individuals who have the most number of chase and she in turn constantly updates as twitter feed for individuals that follow his micro-blogging platform to know what he is doing, thinking, or considering as head of verbalise of the most puissant country in the world. Yet another real and documented eff ect of the Internet and modern technology on todays culture is its way affecting morality.Morality, defined, are various social norms that are claimed in society to have positive and beneficial effects especially with respect to individual and collective welfare. One of the most popular uses of the modern Internet and communication technology is its ability to publish opinions in the forms of blogs, websites, or even social networks and commentary posts without any real security review except of course for some cases and countries like China (Chase & Mulvenon, 2002).It has often been claimed by moral philosophers that morality and gatheringal behavior is a faith by popular theories that are spread by social philosophers. In order to do this, usually, the main tools that are used are books and other documents. In modern times, such moral values have been facilitated and distribution with the attend of the three main tools for muckle communication radio, print, and television.I n all these unshakable scenarios and methods, the commonality is that individuals and more recently organizations and corporations are able to hold back the take to the woods of information and are therefore also able to impose a moral structure and convention through their own perspectives (Yang, 2003). In the popularity of blogs and the Internet, however, information and conventional publishing has transcended from the controls of these individuals and organizations towards anyone who is able to access the Internet and has the ability to control such technology.In this age of the Internet, because of decreasing costs both of ironware and Internet access, that includes a significant large population. Therefore, as a result, and has been documented by research about the effects of Internet weblogs and social networks on perception and conventional welfare opinions, the Internet and technology has become a tool in order for such moral values to be shaped not anymore by the orga nizations we have indicated above but by the opinions of collective weblogs (T.J. Johnson & Kaye, 2004). However, as is the logical succession of the effects of weblogs to moral values, the next question in difficulty that were faced by the researchers is that weblogs, although a perfect avenue for the discussions and distribution of welfare discussions and morality, have the problem of large numbers. Although the numbers are fast-growing, as of the last estimate, if there are 500,000 lively weblogs in the Internet today.However, a more surprising number is the estimated number of individuals who read those blogs which amounts to in around 50 million individuals. However, even among the difficulties that are faced by measuring moral standards and how the Internet and technology affects it, one avenue for research that has attracted attention is that political opinion and policy abridgment by the lecture all body is getting more critical. Now, the electoral body has the ability to be informed from all perspectives from the political plain and public policy formulation.Before, the electoral were most significantly affected by advertising campaigns and television media. In research that has recently been made, during election times, the varlet hits of weblogs that focus on political opinion and policy formulation change magnitude up to 12 times, with nonpartisan weblogs that just try to deliver the information in use as it is about public policy and prospect qualifications to be the most popular among readers according to analytics.Here, we see that the significant effects of how we shaped moral values and moral opinions have been deeply changed by the Internet and its ability for mass public information distribution without organisational or partisan influence at least most of it. Recently, mass collaborationism trends have also significantly affected the corrector respects of individuals. Today, the Internet is not anymore and having you for static infor mation gathering but rather a place in order for individuals from across borders, nations, and even belt along and religion to be able to mass collaborate on projects and information.In fact, racism, one of the most powerful character traits that has stuck itself in human convention for over 500 years has been significantly changed by the Internet because interaction and social media as well as mass collaboration allows for individuals to conceive different backwashs without the lens of hypocrisy and discrimination. Racism, being a very powerful character trait of human history and contextual experience, is surprisingly flimsy as compared to the great durability of modern Internet technology and online collaboration for individuals to work with one another (Beckles, 2001).Although of course there are loopholes such as the fact that one significant reason for the decrease in racism in collaboration is that individuals do not know the race of people they are working with the I nternet and technology is well on its way in order to, if not eliminate, then significantly change magnitude racial discrimination. Highlighted in indicated in this paper are just some of the significant changes that the Internet and modern technology has made to behavior, moral values, and character traits of human beings.

Economics article commentary: June Harvest to Reduce inflation Essay

Inflation refers to a persistent rise in the general price level in a given breaker point of time usually one year. There are two briny types of pretension namely, demand lick inflation and cost push. Demand pull inflation is hunting expeditiond by raising accumulate demand that pulls up prices in the economy. There are several factors that cause this type of inflation, for example, when judicature trim backs income evaluate leaving consumers with more disposable incomes to spend. However, as far as this condition is concerned it is basically cost push inflation that is of major concern. embody push inflation is caused by rising costs of product that forces producers to step-up prices of the final products.High food prices have been the main driver of inflation payable to the drought that hit the country early last year. kitchen-gardening depends on natural factors beyond human control such(prenominal) as weather. A drought volition cause shortages that entrust result in escalating prices as shown in the diagram below. determine 1DD and S1S1 are the lord demand and tote up curve respectively. A drought will cause a shortage that will make the supply curve to dismission to the left, that is, to S2S2 and price to rise from P1 to P2 as quantity decrrestraints from Q1 to Q2.When the drought affects most part of the country then aggregate supply of food will fall. This of necessity makes food prices to rise. Furthermore, the article says that the rise in inflation has also been due to maturation in international crude oil prices that have resulted into increases in the pump prices of fuel. Fuel is a major component in the production process and so any increase in its price will increase production costs. Consequently, there would be a fall in short-run aggregate supply as shown in the diagram below.Figure 2AD and SRAS1 are the aggregate demand and short-run aggregate supply curves respectively. A rise in cost of production gap the SRAS curve t o the left that is, to SRAS2 average price increases from P1 to P2.Although inflation benefits sellers in call of increased revenue, on the whole, it has several adverse effects. Some of these include minify the living standard of especially fixed income earners, such as pensioners and stipendiary workers. This is especially since the article mentions that the cost of living has been on an upward centralise following increases in inflation that reached to 14.1%. So anything that can help to reduce inflation is a welcome move. The title of this article June Harvest to reduce inflation shows that relief is on the way. Reducing Inflation means that prices will fall making essential commodities affordable by the vast absolute majority of the consumers. However, before the harvest brings the relief the government has a number of policies at its disposal that it may use to combat inflation.Government could use fiscal and fiscal policies. For instance in the case of fiscal policies the government could increase income tax to reduce disposable income of consumers. This helps to reduce aggregate demand and so stabilizes prices. The problem with this policy is that it makes the government unpopular among the voters electorate. Furthermore, it may serve to wane the unemployment problem and might also through down the economic fruit in the long run. Government could also use the supply font policies. These are policies that are used by government to increase the supply potential of the economy. For example, the government could abolish minimum wage laws. This would make it brazen to employ workers but would also reduce total cost of production. Its damage is that workers are bound to be exploited by their employers.In conclusion, government of Uganda should put in place a mechanism to prevent emerging shortage of food by operating buffer stock schemes. And although such schemes have problem, such as cost of shortage, but their existence helps to ease shortages of foodstuffs caused by unpredictable climate changes. After all, prevention is better than bring back. This is important also because the government of Uganda has no control over the international crude oil prices.

Flow Measurement – Fluid Mechanics

Name ******** Class DME2 Title period Measurement Date 11/02/2013 Lecturer Mr Higgins Summary In this examine m from each one different meters were use to measure fluid unravel direct the hatchway home base, the ship meter, the rota meter and the weigh cooler. Each meter full treatment by its ability to alter a certain physical position of the comeing fluid and past allows this alte symmetryn to be measured. The measured alterations ar linked directly to the operate rate and these measurements argon subbed in to correct equalitys to solve for it. Each method actings pop outcome is then analysed, comp atomic number 18d over against apiece other. . Objectives * To introduce the bookman to three typical methods of measuring he play rate of an incompressible fluid namely 1- Venturi metre 2- Orifice plate 3- Rotor metre * To compare the accuracy of each device. * To give insight into appropriate industrial finish for each device. 2. Theory Water enters and first geo logical periods by dint of the Venturi metre, then through the Orifice plate and then through the Rotor meter. On leaving the Rotor meter the urine campaigns via a control valve to the weigh-tank of the hydraulic bench.At the inlet and the outlet of each flow measuring device is a connection to the manometer board, this allows the head loss to be chanced across each device. For an incompressible fluid flowing through a pipe the following(a) equations apply Continuity, Q=V1A1=V2A2(1) Bernoullis P1? g+V122g+z1=P2? g+V222g+z2(2) Venturi Rewriting Bernoullis equation for the testal frame-up PA? g+VA22g+zA=PB? g+VB22g+zB Since weapon is horizontal ZA=ZB therefore, PA? g+VA22g=PB? g+VB22g Rearranging VB22g+VA22g=PA? g+PB? gSince P/? g is the hydrostatic (pressure) head, h at any given rase we spate rewrite the above equation as, VB22g+VA22g=hA-hB(3) Where hAand hB are articulate directly from the apparatus. To solve for velocities, we rear wander equation (1), VA=VBABAA cream into equation (3), VB22g+VBABAA22g=hA-hB(4) Hence the only unknown asVB. Therefore, to find the flow rate, determine VB from equation (4) and then Q is given by. Q=VBAB (5) Orifice Q is calculated using the selfsame(prenominal) procedure as the Venturi meter using ports E and F as opposed to A and B.However, because the orifice plate is less ideal, it causes turbulence in the flow it requires a correction gene known as the coefficient of discharge, K. For this apparatus K=0. 601 therefore, the calculated Q must be multiplied by K, Qactual=Qtheoretical? K Rotor meter The flow rate is examine directly sour the rotor meter calibration curve as seen in the interpret h below. 3. Apparatus * The bulk of the apparatus used in this experiment is as shown below on a labelled diagram. * The flow of water was manually varied by a screw type tap. The freight balance is not shown merely is acted on a counter equilibrise weight system. In this experiment a 4kg weight was dropped and the meter was started. The duration of time was determined by how long it would take for the water to filch the weight. This (with a 13 weight is to water ratio) allowed the sens flow rate to be calculated. Rotameter Rotameter Manometers Manometers 4. Orifice Orifice Venturi Venturi Procedure 1. Set flow rate to maximum. 2. Record the monometer readings A, B, E and F. 3. Measure the discharge using the weigh-tank. 4. accept the steps 2 and 3 for 6 other flow rates. 5.Draw a graph of volumetric flow rate measured by the weigh-tank versus volumetric flow rate measured by the other three devices (all on one graph). 6. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each device from an installation view. 5. Experimental Results Amm Bmm Emm Fmm Rota-meter fertilize rate (weigh tank) 4kg (s) 1 378 131 349 86 21. 4 25 2 345 162 326 one hundred thirty 18. 4 31. 8 3 320 188 304 165 15. 2 37 4 298 202 288 191 12. 3 47. 5 5 282 222 274 211 9. 3 59. 4 6 266 236 262 232 5. 4 91. 5 Position A B E F diam (m) 0. 026 0. 016 0. 051 0. 020 6.Sample Calculations Venturi As Q=VA, the volume (V) and the area (A) must be calculated first. volume is found from the equation (4) as shown in system being rearranged VB22g+VBABAA22g=hA-hB VB2-VB2AB2AA2=hA-hB2g VB21-AB2AA2=hA-hB2g VB2=hA-hB2g1-AB2AA2 VB2=hA-hB2g1-AB2AA2 VB=hA-hB2g1-AB2AA2 From this equation, V notify now be calculated using the emergences from the experiment. Calculation carried out for first instance AA=? 0. 02624AB=? 0. 01624 AA=5. 3093? 10-4m2AB=2. 0106? 10-4m2 h = the height read from the manometer in the experiment. VB=0. 378-0. 131(29. 8)1-(2. 0106? 10-4)2(5. 3093? 10-42)2 VB=4. 4120. 85659 VB=5. 6517 VB=2. 3773m/s Now that the velocity at point B and the area of point B is calculated, Q can now be worked out QB=VBAB QB=2. 3773? (2. 0106? 10-4) Volumetric conflate RateB=4. 7799? 10-4m3/s To convert into kg/s QB=(4. 7799? 10-4)? 1000 Mass blend rate B=0. 4779kg/s Orifice To calculate the mussiness flow rate us ing the orifice method, calculations very similar to the venture method are used. The positions are now different so therefore the diameters are changed in finding Q. AA/VA and AB/VB are now obviously changed to AE/VE and AF/VF but otherwise the exact same method is used to find VF.However, the overall mass flow rate has to be corrected by a factor of K=0. 0601 due to a less efficient apparatus being tested. AE=? 0. 05124AF=? 0. 02024 AE=2. 0428? 10-3m2AF=3. 1416? 10-4m2 VF=hE-hF2g1-AF2AE2 VF=0. 349-0. 08629. 811-3. 1416? 10-42. 0428? 10-32 VF=5. 16. 97635 VF=5. 2851 VF=2. 298m3/s Q=VFAF Q=2. 2983. 1416? 10-4 Q=7. 223? 10-4 Now multiplied by correction factor and converted to kg/s Q=7. 223? 10-4)(0. 601)(1000) Q=0. 43406 kg/s Rota-meter The mass flow of water is worked out in this method by feeding the results read from the rotor meter into the graph as shown below enumerate TankThe ratio of weight of the load to the weight of the water in this lab is 13. A weight was applied to t he time the discharge was 4kg. Therefore the time taken for this discharge can allow us to calculate the mass flow rate as Mass flow Rate = KG/S. So for the first test Q=4325 Q=0. 48kg/s 7. Calculated results Venturi (kg/s) Orifice (kg/s) Rota meter(kg/s) Weigh tank(kg/s) 1 0. 4779 0. 4341 0. 463 0. 48 2 0. 4116 0. 3747 0. 404 0. 3773 3 0. 3496 0. 3156 0. 341 0. 3243 4 0. 2981 0. 2636 0. 284 0. 2526 5 0. 2357 0. 2124 0. 224 0. 202 6 0. 1667 0. 1466 0. 152 0. 1312 8. DiscussionsThe measurement of fluid flow can present very essential in day to day applications. For example the measurements of blood-flow rates in human artery or the measurement of liquid oxygen in a rocket are amplely important in their field of work. Although the methods used in this lab may not all work in these cases, the selection of the proper instruments for a particular application is hugely important. Flow-rate-measurement devices much require accurate pressure and temperature measurements in order to ca lculate the end product of the instrument so choosing the correct method of measurement is hugely important.Each of the flow measurement devices used had its own advantages and disadvantages. Comparing the venturi meter the orifice plate there are some noticeable differences. Although both are fitted for clean or dirty fluids the orifice plate has a comparatively low cost compared to the venturi meter. But on the other hand the orifice plate does require a smaller diameter in compared to the venture meter. In day to day applications these two factors could have huge power on the choice in application. Cost is always a huge factor in any application decision and depending on the requirements for the application size could also play a vital role.The weigh tank is a somewhat more basic approach to measuring the mass flow rate of fluid. The human element of error in the measure of the weights displacement can be easily corrected by machinery and could prove very effective for applic ations measuring flow. The rota meter is also a transparent but effective method of flow measurement. The simple effects of parallax are a disadvantage to this application but again in day to day modern applications, computerised sensory machines can correct this very easily. 9. end Overall this lab was a success.The results are all within the range of having explainable errors such as * The main error predicted is due to the sweet sand verbena effect in calculations, where a rounding off of results at the graduation exercise of a number of equations has a greater effect with the end result. This rounding error can have greater effects than thought and can drastically vary the end result. * Parallax is another error caused across each application. The heights read across the manometers and the rotameter can be easily read wrong. Along with the meniscus of the fluid giving a false take and a wrong angle at the result reading can change the end result also. Human error is always a small error to be taken into account, especially when using the stem watch in the weight tank method of measuring the flow rate. The likelihood of reading the exact time needed is very small. This again can have huge effect on the accuracy of the result achieved. By carrying out this science laboratory students were able to become comfortable with calculations and equations that were ran through in class. The hands on approach of this lab allows students to understand the theory better and this in turn results in easier revision when studying for exams.Overall this laboratory and its results proved successful, with results accurate with an explainable percentage of error and with students having a greater understanding in this area. 10. Bibliography 1. CIT laboratory manual Fluid mechanics-B. S. Massey, Applied mechanics J. D. Walker, Fluid mechanics Irfan A. Khan, Mechanical Engineering Science- J. Hannah and M. J. Hiller. 2. Wikipedia formulas / units confirmation 3. http/ /fetweb. ju. edu. jo general instruction on each measuring meter used.

Food College

Change what people eat and you change their lives. provender is all about the stories that define our lives. When it comes to the rhythms and symbols of faith, its easy to see the role that sustenance plays. Food also reflects what people believe about family and community life. reason the role of nourishment in cultural and religious practice is an great part of showing respect and responding to the needs of people from a swerve of religious communities. However, it is important to avoid assumptions about a persons culture and beliefs. In my West Indian culture food plays a major role.A huge part of Western India is cosmopolitan in its food habits, but there is still plenty of traditional fare to be had. The cuisine of the Caribbean is like a cultural patchwork quilt. Food in the Caribbean reflects both the best and worst of the Caribbeans explanation. On the positive side, Caribbean culture has been compared with a popular stew there called Callao. The stew analogy comes fr om the many incompatible ethic groups peacefully maintaining their traditions and customs while blending together, creating a transparent new flavor.On the negative side, many foods and cooking techniques derive from a history of violent European conquest, the importation of slaves from Africa, and the indentured servitude of immigrants in the plantation system. at heart this context, students and other readers will understand the diverse island societies and ethnicity through their food cultures. Island food culture is an essential component in understanding the Caribbean past and present.

Wealth of the Nation and the First Industrial Revolution

Wealth has had many factors that return to the meaning given by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2009), which defines riches as abundance of material possessions or resources.In the early part of the fall in States, depending on the location in the continent, wealth was determined by different factors, specially after the industrial Revolution. In the South, with slavery abounding, wealth was not equitable about the land owned, or the crops sold, but it included the number of slaves that the woodlet owner had on the plantation.In the wedlock, the industrial revolution and technology grew and wealth was ground on the type of product, number manufactured, monopoly of the industry, and innovation and development of new machines (A climax Industrial Change, 6 Johnson, 35 Mr. Lloyds Book on Trusts, 23 Smith, 256 Topic of the Times, 6 The New Orleans Exposition, 4 The Worlds Exposition, 3).Just like wealth, the industrial revolution took on many aspects and was defined in many diffe rent ways depending on the location in the world. spot Britain and Western Europe really started the industrial revolution, the United States quickly took over as the leading innovator and wealthiest nation.However, it was not long before lacquer and China were imitating the industrialized countries, and trying to gain in the revolution and wealth that was to be had by all. The belief was that the Japanese could copy any phase or design more accurately and skillfully than any new(prenominal) artisan in the world (What the Country Has Achieved During the Last Forty Years, 29).In the United States, the wealth and industrial revolution were separated in terms of North and South. The North brought in machines and new technologies to help them use the products of the South. Factories were created and manufacturing of goods began and refined in the following years.The export to other countries increased as did the wealth and educational facilities of the north and mid-west. With the factories at optimum efficiency of the time, and more settlers moving west, the succeeding(prenominal) logical step in the north was the creation of railroads (A Coming Industrial Change, 6 Johnson Pioneer Railroad Men, 2 Topic of the Times, 6).

Korean Music Essay

conventional Korean euphony embarrasss both the family unit, vocal, religious and ritual euphony styles of the Korean people. Korean medication, along with arts, painting, and sculpture has been practiced since prehistoric times. Two unequivocal euphonyal cultures exist in Korea at present traditional music (Gugak) and horse opera music (yangak). Korean Folk musicKorean houses music is varied and complex, but all forms maintain a set of rhythms (called Jangdan) and a loosely defined set of song want modes. Because the folk songs of various beas ar categorized under Dongbu folk songs, their vocal styles and modes atomic number 18 limited. Therefore, currently scholars argon attempting to categorize the Dongbu folk songs further based on different musical features. These songs are mostly simple and bright. Namdo folk songs are those of Jeolla Province and a part of Chungcheong Province.While the folk songs of other regions are mostly musically simple, the folk songs of the Namdo region, where the known musical genres pansori and sanjo were created, are rich and dramatic. Some Namdo folk songs are used in pansori or developed by headmaster singers and are included as part of their repertories. Jeju folk songs are vocal on the Jeju Island. They are more abundant in number than either other regional folk songs, and approximately 1600 songs are transmitted today. Jeju folk songs are characterized by their simple and unique melodic lines and rich texts. PansoriPansori is a long vocal and percussive music sported by whiz singer and one drummer. In this traditional art form, sometimes sooner misleadingly called Korean Opera, a narrator may play the parts of all the characters in a story, accompanied by a drummer. The lyric tell one of five different stories, but is personalised by each performer, often with updated jokes and audience participation. One of the most famous pansori singers is Park Dongjin (hangul). Many Koreans still enjoy this music . The National field of battle of Korea provides monthly opportunities to experience traditional Korean narrative songs or pansori. Where National Theatre of Korea, Seoul City Hall, South Korea PungmulPungmul is a Korean folk music tradition that is a form of percussion music that includes drumming, dancing, and singing. Most performances are outside, with dozens of players, all in constant motion. Samul Nori, originally the name of a group founded in 1978, has become popular as a genre, level overseas. It is based on Pungmul musical rhythmic patterns and uses the same instruments, but is straightaway and usually played while sitting down.Sanjois played without a cease in faster tempos. It is entirely submissive music, and includes changes in rhythmic and melodic modes during an individual work. The tempos increases in each movement. The general style of the sanjo is marked by slides in slow movements and rhythmic complexity in faster movements. Instruments include the changgo drum set against a melodic instrument, such as the gayageum or ajaeng.Chngak convey literally right (or correct) music, and its tradition includes both instrumental and vocal music, which were cultivated chiefly by the upper-class literati of the Joseon society. The Yongsan hoesang is the main repertory of instrumental chongak tradition and the most representative sleeping room ensemble of Korea. The agnomen is derived from a Korean Buddhist chang with the short text Yongsan hoesang pulbosal, which literally means Buddha and Bodhisattvas meet at the Spirit Vulture Peak. The Korean Buddhist music with the texts notated in the fifteenth-century manuscript Taeak Hubo was a vocal work accompanied by an orchestra.Nongakmeans farmers music and represents an important musical genre which has been developed mainly by peasants in the agricultural society of Korea. The farmers music is performed typically in an open area of the village. The organization of nongak varies according to locali ty and performing groups, and today there are a great n umber of regional styles.Shinawimeans in broadest sense, the shamanistic music of Korea which is performed during a Korean shamans ritual bound performance to console and to entertain deities. In this sense of word, the term is almost identical with anoth er term, shinbanggok (lit. spirit chamber music), which indicated general shamanistic music performed at a folk religious ceremony known as kut.Salpuri is a dance for soul cleansing and literally means to wash away severeness ghosts. Salpuris modern movements represent the shown human hopes and aspirations.Court/Ritual music Korean courtyard music preserved to date can be traced to the beginning of the Joseon Dynasty in 1392. It is now rare, except for government-sponsored organizations like The National warmheartedness for Korean Traditional Performing Arts. There are three types of court music.One is called Aak, and is an imported form of Chinese ritual music, and anoth er is a pure Korean form called Hyang-ak the last is a combination of Korean and Chinese influences, and is called Dang-ak. AakAak was brought to Korea in 1116 and was genuinely popular for a time forward dying out. It was revived in 1430, based on a reconstructive memory of older melodies. The music is now highly specialized and uses just ii different surviving melodies. Aak is played only at certain very rare concerts, such as the Sacrifice to Confucius in Seoul. Dang-akModern dangak, like aak, is rarely practiced. Only two short pieces are known they are Springtime in Luoyang and Pacing the Void. Hyang-ak By far the most existent form of Korean court music today, hyangak includes a sort of oboe, called a piri and various kinds of stringed instruments.

The Gift of the Magi Analysis Base on Mla Format

Name Subject Lecturer Date Sacrifice Della and Jim as a Young Married Couple in The Gift of the Magi By O. atomic number 1 William Sydney Porter who also k straightn by his pen pay heed O. atomic number 1. He was born on September 11, 1862 in Greensboro, North Carolina. O. Henry was an american author that always make excellent literarys work with twist plot, suprising ending and irony as his style and commonly his works also inspired by social live or condition. The several famous O.Henry works likeThe Ransom of Red Chief, The equipped Room and The Gift of the Magi. The Gift of the Magi to tell some a recent marital fit (Della and Jim) who to facial expression the economic crisis in their live. They supposed to profane a prize for the Christmas Eve, but they just throw bit money. Della who sacrifice a beautiful hair and Jim have a precious clock, last Dellas grapple her hair, and bargain an expensive chain for Jims clock, and Jim sell his precious clock and he change s it into an expensive hair accessories.The natural endowment of the magi who linguistic context when Chrismast Eve, with the main characters Della and Jim, the theme about a young marriage couple who to test their love in the Chrismast Eve, and the irony happens at the duration they gift their point for each others. In this work O. Henry mention about young couple married, Della and Jim yet young but they will hold up an adult when theyre try to solve their own problem. O.Henry describes the character Jim have a mature think, likewise Dellas, Della character is not an egoist wife, and an intellect wife and also she try to not bothered his husband otherwise she really helps Jim with Pennies saved one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until ones cheeks burned with the silent imputation of tautness that such close dealing implied. Three times Della counted it. Dellas empathize their economic condition, and thats way she help her husband.And how about Jim? Jim is a savour of husband who has a duty to make his wife happy hes a hard working man. He is also change his precious clock to happen Della Chrismast present with an expensive hair accessories. O. Henry makes a solving Della and Jim problems ar, Della finally find how the way she can give her husband a prize, shes sells her beautiful wave hair, and then she buy her husband and likewise with Jim. They immolate their precious things to give a present in the Chistmast Eve.Then in the relationship of marriage needs an understanding sensation without this feeling the relationship will be broken moreover they are still young couple, many young couples who have egoistic characters because they still young and difficult to control their emotions and finally get divorce is the best(p) solution . But, differ to Della and Jim, they look so mature person when their face into trouble life, they have sacrifice love Dell, said he, lets put our Christmas prese nts out and keep em a while. Theyre too nice to use just at present. I sold the watch to get the money to buy your combs. And now suppose you put the chops on. In this works O. Henry likes neutral when describe their both characters. Hes use the feminism and heroic fenomens in describing each character. Della a strong woman and Jim a sincere man. They seriousness and their sacrifice love suitable as an example to the others young married couples. Works Cited Henry, O. The gift of the magi. Web. 19 Dec. 2012. Henry, O. The gift of the magi. Theme. Web. 19 Dec. 2012. Henry ,O. Wikipedia. Web. 19 Dec. 2012.

Bottle vs breastfeeding Essay

As a nurse, I will tell the young mother that front courseing is always better than feeding store feeding. As a new pargonnt, it is her responsibility to make sure her minor will get off to a good nutritional start. thoraxfeeding does get its utilitys. There is no doubt that satisfy uping contains all the nutrients your queer needs for strait-laced growth and develop handst. Studies prove that breast milk provides optimal health benefits for your newborn. suffers milk is easily digested, has perfectly matched nutrition for the thwart, and is filled with antibodies that nurse against infection. Furthermore, breastfed babies atomic number 18 less likely to suffer from ear infections, diaper rash, and intestinal upsets. In addition, breast milk offers immune system boosters and fatty acids special to humans that promote optimal brain growth. Not only does breastfeeding benefit your thwart, it has many advantages for you. Breastfeeding is convenient. There is no need to get out of bed at 2 a.m. to prepare a bottle.All you have to do is hold your baby to your chest and feed. Next, breastfeeding is very economical. Since breast milk is self- produced, you go int need money to buy an endless supply of food. Last, breastfeeding is ministrant in the process of returning your form to its normal state. While feeding, hormones are produced that make your organs contract into their natural size. One con just about breastfeeding is that nursing is definitely fourth dimension-consuming. A newborn baby typically feed every 2 to 3 hours during the day and may awaken ofttimes at iniquity. A nonher con is breastfeeding takes a lot of energy for your body to make milk, so the mother stand often feel kind of fatigued. Another con is some(prenominal)times mothers have physical problems like mastitis, blocked milk ducts and engorgement if the baby is not feeding frequently or properly. If you are a work outing mother you might dominate it challenging to archive nursings. It will be necessary to pump at work and some jobs may not allow for such improves. 1 What if she has to return to work?Like I said, if you are a working mother, you might find it challenging to schedule nursings. It will be necessary to pump at work and some jobs may not allow for such breaks. But, to breastfeed you will have to find timeduring the day, during the afternoon, during the evening, and if possible at night to pump. 2 Should people be allowed to breastfeed in public eg a restaurant? So , if you are eating in a restaurant, should your baby eat from the breast? Yes, mothers should be allowed to breastfeed in public, even at a restaurant. Breastfeeding is completely natural, and it should be acceptable. Breasts were not mean for sex they were intended to be used to breastfeed whenever and wherever the baby needs to be fed. Yes, it may be inappropriate if an entire breast is shown, but almost mothers take caution in not exposing all of themselves. Th ey are barely trying to feed their child. 3 What if the patient is from a third introduction country?I would give the same advice to a third humans country mother, as I would to an American mother. I would not discriminate. So, she is from a third world country, to be talking to me she is in America presently and there are plenty of free nutritional programs for her and her baby to take part in. I would still advise breastfeeding her baby. 4 Is there a federal/state law that governs breastfeeding?Section 7(r) of the Fair working class Standards displace Break Time for Nursing Mothers Provision President Obama signed the low-priced Care Act (ACA) on March 30, 2010. (See the combined full school text of Public Laws 111-148 and 111-152 here.) Among many provisions, Section 4207 of the law amends the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938 (29 U.S. Code 207) to require an employer to provide reasonable break time for an employee to express breast milk for her nursing child for one class after the childs birth each time such employee has need to express milk. The employer is not required to compensate an employee receiving reasonable break time for any work time spent for such purpose. The employer essential also provide a place, other than a bathroom, for the employee to express breast milk.If these requirements impose undue hardship, an employer that employs fewer than 50 employees is not subject to these requirements. The federal requirements shall not preempt a state law that provides greater protections to employees. http//www.ncsl.org/ interrogation/health/breastfeeding-state-laws.aspx 5 Does men have a different cerebration about breastfeeding as compared to women? I could not find a divergency of opinion on breastfeeding by men. I readwhere most men support breastfeeding. Most men found breastfeeding to be healthier for baby and mother. Most men find that breastfeeding saves them a lot of money. Most of them do not mind their wives breastfeedi ng in public too. 6 Should you heat a bottle in a microwave?The microwave changes the molecular body structure of whatever you heat up in there. Breastmilk has essential nutrients that your baby can benefit from so you dont want to deprive your baby from that I would say to not take any chances. Take the free time for the benefit of your baby and run the bottle under torrid water or put it in a bowl of warm water or get a bottle warmer. It is not assured to heat up formula or breastmillk in microwave. I wouldnt risk it.(7) Should you put a child to bed with a bottle in his/her express? Letting your baby go to sleep in his crib with a bottle of milk or juice is not a good idea. Not only will your child act to depend on having a bottle to get to sleep, but go forth a bottle in your sleeping babys mouth can cause tooth decay. There is a chance your baby may choke and it also can be the cause of a degenerative ear infection. When a baby drinks lying flat on their dressing the m ilk can flow through their ear cavity causing infection. It is not recommended to put a bottle in the crib with the baby. I suggest a pacifier. That might be a better alternative.ReferencesBreast vs. Bottlefeeding. (2008, May 19). In WriteWork.com. Retrieved 1908, October 12, 2014, from http//www.writework.com/essay/breast-vs-bottlefeeding Examine best commit in breastfeeding.. (2004, January 11). In WriteWork.com. Retrieved 1906, October 12, 2014, from http//www.writework.com/essay/examine-best-practice-breastfeeding Breastfeeding and the Workplace. (2004, March 01). In WriteWork.com. Retrieved 1906, October 12, 2014, from http//www.writework.com/essay/breastfeeding-and-workplace http//www.ncsl.org/research/health/breastfeeding-state-laws.aspx